Credits : Bleepingcomputer

Credits : Bleepingcomputer

 

PHP got a whole lot more secure this week with the release of the 7.2 branch, a version that improves and modernizes the programming language’s support for cryptography and password hashing algorithms.

Of all, the most significant change in PHP 7.2 is, by far, the support for Argon2, a password hashing algorithm [1, 2, 3] developed in the early 2010s and which won the Password Hashing Competition in 2015 [1, 2].

Argon2 beat 23 other algorithms to win the Password Hashing Competition, and is now in the midst of becoming a universally recognized Internet standard at the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the reward for winning the contest.

Argon2 considered superior to Bcrypt
The algorithm is currently considered to be superior to Bcrypt, today’s most widely used password hashing function, in terms of both security and cost-effectiveness.

Besides password hashing functions, the algorithm is also ideal for proof-of-work operations, used with modern electronic (crypto)currencies.

Starting with PHP 7.2, released on Thursday, Argon2 v1.3 has been added to the PHP core, and developers can use it via the password_hash() function.

Mcrypt out, Libsodium in
The other major change in PHP 7.2 was the removal of the old Mcrypt cryptographic library from the PHP core and the addition of Libsodium, a more modern alternative.

This modification came after a suggestion made by Scott Arciszewski, Chief Development Officer at Paragon Initiative Enterprises.

“Let’s get rid of ext/mcrypt, which is abandonware and inhibits the growth of the language, as soon as humanly possible,” Arciszewski wrote in early 2016.

“Libmcrypt hasn’t been touched in eight years (last release was in 2007), leaving OpenSSL as the only viable option for PHP 5.x and 7.0 users,” the expert also added. “Libsodium is a modern cryptography library that offers authenticated encryption, high-speed elliptic curve cryptography, and much more. Unlike other cryptography standards (which are a potluck of cryptography primitives; i.e. WebCrypto), Libsodium is comprised of carefully selected algorithms implemented by security experts to avoid side-channel vulnerabilities. ”

Bleeping Computer had a chat with Mr. Arciszewski this past February about Libsodium’s addition to PHP when work started on the early dev versions of the PHP 7.2 code. At the time, PHP became the first programming language to embed a modern cryptography library in its core distribution, instead of a plug-in.

Despite being the butt of all jokes in the programming world for the last decade, PHP has become quite faster and more secure since the release of version 7.x in late 2015.

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PHP received a shot in the arm with the release of a new version of the programming language that provides support for an improved password hashing algorithm and includes high-speed cryptography.

The release of PHP 7.2 includes support for the algorithm Argon2 and provides strong benefits in comparison to existing techniques. The update to the PHP programming language also replaces an outmoded cryptographic library with a modern version known as Libsodium.

Developers and IT decision-makes should view the update as welcome news since many business websites still rely on PHP programming techniques.

Understanding the Benefits of Argon2
The password hashing algorithm Argon2 has been added to the newly updated PHP core. Password hashing is one of the most basic security elements developers must consider when designing applications that accept passwords from users.

A strong hashing algorithm reduces the risk of an attacker being able to determine the original password while still allowing a database to compare the resulting hash in the long term. Argon2 is believed to offer a better alternative to bcrypt, Bleeping Computer reported, in terms of both cost efficiency and security.

Argon2, which defeated more than 20 algorithms to win the Password Hashing Competition in 2015, is now recognized as a universal internet standard by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), according to Bleeping Computer. It is also ideal for the data-based protective measures used in cryptocurrencies.

The Plus Points of Libsodium
The PHP development team announced the availability of PHP 7.2 at the end of November. The release includes a range of improvements in addition to the inclusion of Argon2.

Among the most notable of these advancements was the ejection of the mcrypt cryptographic library from the core and its replacement with Libsodium. PHP’s developers have previously suggested that mcrypt, which was last updated almost a decade ago, was inhibiting the growth of the language and should be removed as quickly as possible.

InfoWorld reported that the Libsodium cryptography library is now a core extension in PHP 7.2 and provides high-speed elliptic cryptography.

Protecting Users and Data From PHP Programming Flaws
Late last year, security specialists unearthed three PHP vulnerabilities that could have had serious consequences for organizations and consumers worldwide. Then, earlier this year, reports surfaced about a rootkit that hides inside a PHP module and attacks servers through Apache modules. That was followed by fears that unfinished installations of WordPress could give attackers admin access.

IT managers must be aware of these risks and welcome the updated version of PHP. The Libsodium library should be developers’ go-to source for application-layer cryptography. Its addition to PHP is a crucial step toward implementing more concrete security for the programming language.

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kbc-discount-coupons
In marketing, a coupon is a ticket or document that can be redeemed for a financial discount or rebate when purchasing a product.
Customarily, coupons are issued by manufacturers of consumer packaged goods or by retailers, to be used in retail stores as a part of sales promotions. They are often widely distributed through mail, coupon envelopes, magazines, newspapers, the Internet (social media, email newsletter), directly from the retailer, and mobile devices such as cell phones. Since only price conscious consumers are likely to spend the time to claim the savings, coupons function as a form of price discrimination, enabling retailers to offer a lower price only to those consumers who would otherwise go elsewhere. In addition, coupons can also be targeted selectively to regional markets in which price competition is great.
In government, a coupon is a paper certificate used to administer a benefit or permission.
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download

 

Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project or venture by raising many small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the Internet. Crowdfunding is a form of crowdsourcing and of alternative finance. In 2015, it was estimated that worldwide over US$34 billion was raised this way.

Although similar concepts can also be executed through mail-order subscriptions, benefit events, and other methods, the term crowdfunding refers to Internet-mediated registries.This modern crowdfunding model is generally based on three types of actors: the project initiator who proposes the idea and/or project to be funded, individuals or groups who support the idea, and a moderating organization (the “platform”) that brings the parties together to launch the idea.

Crowdfunding has been used to fund a wide range for-profit entrepreneurial ventures such as artistic and creative projects, medical expenses, travel, or community-oriented social entrepreneurship projects.

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Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, the retail and distribution end of the publishing process. People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookwomen, or bookmen. The founding of libraries in 300 BC stimulated the energies of the Athenian booksellers. In Rome, toward the end of the republic, it became the fashion to have a library, and Roman booksellers carried on a flourishing trade.

The spread of Christianity naturally created a great demand for copies of the Gospels, other sacred books, and later on for missals and other devotional volumes for both church and private use. The modern system of bookselling dates from soon after the introduction of printing. In the course of the 16th and 17th centuries the Low Countries for a time became the chief centre of the bookselling world. Modern book selling has changed dramatically with the advent of the Internet. With major websites such as Amazon, eBay, and other big book distributors offering affiliate programs, book sales have now, more than ever, been put in the hands of the small business owner.

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A travel website is a website on the world wide web that is dedicated to travel. The site may be focused on travel reviews, trip fares, or a combination of both. Approximately seventy million consumers researched travel plans online in July 2006.Travel bookings are the single largest component of e-commerce, according to Forrester Research.

Individual airlines, hotels, bed and breakfasts, cruise lines, automobile rental companies, and other travel-related service providers often maintain their own web sites providing retail sales. Many with complex offerings include some sort of search engine technology to look for bookings within a certain timeframe, service class, geographic location, or price range.

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Free-Stock-Photos

 

Stock photography is the supply of photographs, which are often licensed for specific uses.The stock photo industry, which began to gain hold in the 1920s,has established models including traditional macrostock photography,midstock photography,and microstock photography.Conventional stock agencies charge from several hundred to several thousand American dollars per image, while microstock photography may sell for around USD 25 cents.Professional stock photographers traditionally place their images with one or more stock agencies on a contractual basis,while stock agencies may accept the high-quality photos of amateur photographers through online submission.

Themes for stock photos are diverse, although Megan Garber of The Atlantic wrote in 2012 that “one of the more wacky/wondrous elements of stock photos is the manner in which, as a genre, they’ve developed a unifying editorial sensibility. To see a stock image is… to know you’re seeing a stock image.”
Historically notable traditional stock photo agencies have included RobertStock, the Bettman Archive in New York,and the Hulton Archive in the United Kingdom among many others.In the 1990s companies such as Photodisc in Seattle, Washington began selling CD ROMs with packs of images, pioneering the royalty free licensing system at a time when rights managed licensing was the norm in the stock industry.There was a great amount of consolidation among stock photo agencies between 1990 and the mid-2000s, particularly through Corbis and Getty Images.The early microstock company iStockphoto was founded in May 2000,followed by companies such as Dreamstime,fotoLibra,Can Stock Photo,Shutterstock, and Fotolia.

 

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1996_McLaren_F1

 

A car dealership or vehicle local distribution is a business that sells new or used cars at the retail level, based on a dealership contract with an automaker or its sales subsidiary. It employs automobile salespeople to sell their automotive vehicles. It may also provide maintenance services for cars, and employ automotive technicians to stock and sell spare automobile parts and process warranty claims.

 

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rental-cars-02

 

A car rental, hire car, or car hire agency is a company that rents automobiles for short periods of time, generally ranging from a few hours to a few weeks. It is often organized with numerous local branches (which allow a user to return a vehicle to a different location), and primarily located near airports or busy city areas and often complemented by a website allowing online reservations.

Car rental agencies primarily serve people who require a temporary vehicle, for example those who do not own their own car, travelers who are out of town, or owners of damaged or destroyed vehicles who are awaiting repair or insurance compensation. Car rental agencies may also serve the self-moving industry needs, by renting vans or trucks, and in certain markets other types of vehicles such as motorcycles or scooters may also be offered.

Alongside the basic rental of a vehicle, car rental agencies typically also offer extra products such as insurance, global positioning system (GPS) navigation systems, entertainment systems, mobile phones, portable WiFi and child safety seats.

 

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Matrimonial websites, or marriage websites, are a variation of the standard dating websites.

Matrimonial sites are popular in India and among Indians settled overseas, as an alternative to the traditional marriage broker.According to the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry in India, the online matrimony business is expected to be a $250 Million business by 2017.According to The New York Times, there are over 1500 matrimony websites in India.

Matrimonial sites register users, after which they are able to upload their profile onto a searchable database maintained by the website. Those users looking to find suitors search the database with customised searches that typically include nationality, age, gender, availability of photograph and often religion, geographic location and caste (mainly for websites based in India).There have been reports of abuse of information obtained from matrimonial websites.

 

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